!==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! RAMSIN. ! ! ! ! This is the file that contains the various namelists that define how BRAMS is to be ! ! run. There is some brief information about the variables here. ! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls most of the grid and domain parameters. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $MODEL_GRIDS !----- Simulation title (64 characters). -----------------------------------------------! EXPNME = 'BRAMS-4.0.6 - Subtropical South America', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Type of run: ! ! MAKESFC -- Creates the surface files only (SST, soil texture, etc...) ! ! MAKEVFILE -- Interpolates the meteorological forcing to the simulation grid, using ! ! isentropic interpolation. In case the surface files don't exist, they ! ! will be created as well. ! ! INITIAL -- It should be called once the files above are created (especially the ! ! MAKEVFILE ones). This will integrate the atmospheric state, starting ! ! from the initial time (IMONTHA,IDATEA,...) and running until the end ! ! (IMONTHZ,IDATEZ,...). ! ! HISTORY -- If something happened and the simulation didn't finish, you can resume ! ! the simulation by using a history file. In this case you need to ! ! change IMONTHH, IDATEH,... and HFILIN, but do NOT change IMONTHA, ! ! IDATEA,... ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! RUNTYPE = 'INITIAL', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Dynamic load balance flag: 1=yes, 0=no. 0 is the only one extensively tested. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! LOAD_BAL = 0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Start of simulation or isentropic analysis processing. Information must be given ! ! in UTC time. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IMONTHA = 04, IDATEA = 06, IYEARA = 2014, ITIMEA = 1200, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! End of simulation or isentropic analysis processing. Information must be given ! ! in UTC time. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IMONTHZ = 04, IDATEZ = 09, IYEARZ = 2014, ITIMEZ = 1200, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Grid specifications ! ! NGRIDS - number of grids to run. ! ! NNXP - number of points in X directory (usually this is almost the same as ! ! longitude points). Provide one number for each grid. ! ! NNYP - number of points in Y directory (usually this is almost the same as ! ! latitude points). Provide one number for each grid. ! ! NNZP - number of points in height. Provide one number for each grid. ! ! Caveat: unless you are running serial, you should use the same number for ! ! every grid. ! ! NZG - number of soil layers. One value for all grids. ! ! NZS - maximum number of snow/water pounding layers. This is used only for ! ! snow, if only liquid water is standing, the water will be all collapsed ! ! into a single layer, so if you are running for places where it doesn't snow ! ! a lot, leave this set to 1. One value for all grids. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NGRIDS = 1, NNXP = 160, NNYP = 120, NNZP = 50, NZG = 12, NZS = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NXTNEST. Nesting map. The coarsest grid should be always the first and NXTNEST ! ! should be always set to 0 for the first grid. ! ! 1 means that it is nested within the 1st grid, 2 means that is nested ! ! within the 2nd grid and so on. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NXTNEST = 0,1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IF_ADAP. Vertical coordinate: ! ! 0 -- Terrain-following height coordinate (a.k.a. sigma-z). This makes all points ! ! defined and above ground, but it squeezes the layers atop high ground and it ! ! is far vertical in steep slopes. Nevertheless, this is the commonest and most ! ! tested coordinate ! ! 1 -- Adaptive height coordinate with shaving as in Adcroft et al. (1997), a.k.a. ! ! shaved-eta coordinate. Points underground will be skipped, but it allows ! ! partially aboveground grid points. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IF_ADAP = 0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IHTRAN. Horizontal coordinate: ! ! 0 -- Cartesian. It uses a regular longitude-latitude grid, which means that the ! ! higher latitudes may have higher resolution. ! ! 1 -- Polar-stereographic (highly recommended). It assigns grid points based on ! ! the grid centre and grid pole. If they are close, the grid will be almost ! ! with constant resolution, even though X and Y won't be exactly longitude and ! ! latitude. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IHTRAN = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Grid resolution for the coarsest grid. ! ! DELTAX -- grid resolution in the X direction, near the grid pole. Units: [ m]. ! ! DELTAY -- grid resolution in the Y direction, near the grid pole. Units: [ m]. ! ! (unless you are running some specific tests, both should be the same) ! ! DELTAZ -- grid resolution in the vertical (at the sea level in case IF_ADAP = 0) of ! ! the bottommost layer. If you'd rather define your layers, set this to 0. ! ! and define your layers in ZZ. ! ! DZRAT -- rate of increase of spacing between height layers. Avoid numbers greater ! ! than 1.2 because some of BRAMS assumptions on grid resolution will fail. ! ! DZMAX -- maximum grid spacing in metres. ! ! ZZ -- discrete layers in case you set DELTAZ to zero. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! DELTAX = 25000., DELTAY = 25000., DELTAZ = 120., DZRAT = 1.05, DZMAX = 1000., ZZ = 0.0, 20.0, 46.0, 80.0, 120.0, 165.0, 220.0, 290.0, 380.0, 480.0, 590.0, 720.0, 870.0, 1030.0, 1200.0, 1380.0, 1595.0, 1850.0, 2120.0, 2410.0, 2715.0, 3030.0, 3400.0, 3840.0, 4380.0, 5020.0, 5800.0, 6730.0, 7700.0, 8700.0, 9700.0, 10700.0, 11700.0, 12700.0, 13700.0, 14700.0, 15700.0, 16700.0, 17700.0, 18700.0, 19700.0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Time resolution for the coarsest grid. ! ! DTLONG -- Time step for most prognostic variables if IDELTAT is 0 (see below). ! ! NACOUST -- Winds and the Exner function (pressure) are solved with smaller time ! ! steps. The time step for these variables is DTLONG/NACOUST. ! ! IDELTAT -- = 0 - use DTLONG and NACOUST ! ! -- > 0 - let BRAMS determine the time step. The higher the number, the safer ! ! the time step, but it will be smaller. The value will be constant ! ! throughout the entire simulation. It is useful for a first guess of ! ! DTLONG, but not a good option for actual runs because NACOUST tends ! ! to be too small. ! ! -- < 0 - let BRAMS determine the time step. The more negative the number, ! ! the safer the time step, but it will be smaller. The value will ! ! vary as needed. It is useful for a first guess of DTLONG, but not ! ! a good option for actual runs because NACOUST tends to be too small. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! DTLONG = 25., NACOUST = 3, IDELTAT = 0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Nest ratios. This will divide the values given by DELTAX, DELTAY, and DELTAT for ! ! the nested grids. The first value should be always one. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NSTRATX = 1,3, ! X direction NSTRATY = 1,3, ! Y direction NNDTRAT = 1,3, ! Time !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Vertical nesting. ! ! NESTZ1 -- which grid will be nested. Only one grid can be nested and only in ! ! serial mode. Put the negative of the grid number. Setting this to zero ! ! will turn nesting off. Values other than 0 aren't recommended. ! ! NSTRATZ1 -- nesting ratio for the grid specified in NESTZ1. Values here are applied ! ! layer by layer. ! ! NESTZ2 -- same as NESTZ1, but used if BRAMS is run in global mode (deprecated) ! ! NSTRATZ2 -- same as NSTRATZ1, but for the global BRAMS (deprecated). ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NESTZ1 = 0, NSTRATZ1 = 3,3,3,3,2,2,2,2,1, NESTZ2 = 0, NSTRATZ2 = 3,3,3,2,2,2,2,1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The meaning here is for the commonest setting. For alternative ways, check the ! ! manual. ! ! ! ! POLELAT -- Latitude of the pole point. Set this close to CENTLAT for a more ! ! traditional "square" domain. One value for all grids. ! ! POLELON -- Longitude of the pole point. Set this close to CENTLON for a more ! ! traditional "square" domain. One value for all grids. ! ! CENTLAT -- Latitude of the central point. One value for each grid. ! ! CENTLON -- Longitude of the central point. One value for each grid. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! POLELAT = -23.00, POLELON = -55.00, CENTLAT = -23.00, CENTLON = -55.00, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! These variables provide an alternative way of defining nested grids. The values ! ! of the first grid will be ignored. ! ! ! ! NINEST -- Grid point in X direction on the next coarser nest where the southwest ! ! corner of this nest will start. If NINEST or NJNEST = 0, use CENTLAT/LON ! ! NJNEST -- Grid point in Y direction on the next coarser nest where the southwest ! ! corner of this nest will start. If NINEST or NJNEST = 0, use CENTLAT/LON ! ! NKNEST -- Grid point in Z direction on the next coarser nest where the bottommost ! ! layer of this nest will start. Use 1 for perfect matching (recommended). ! ! NNSTTOP -- 0 - the nest doesn't need to go to the top of the coarse domain. ! ! 1 - (highly recommended) the nested grid should reach the same top ! ! NNSTBOT -- same as NNSTTOP but for the bottom of the domain. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NINEST = 1,0, NJNEST = 1,0, NKNEST = 1,1, NNSTTOP = 1,1, NNSTBOT = 1,1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! This is for the day when the code allows moving grids again. GRIDU and GRIDV are ! ! the components of the velocity of moving grids. Don't worry about these variables, ! ! this is currently not working. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! GRIDU = 0.,0., GRIDV = 0.,0., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls parameters relative to the Coupled Aerosol Tracer and ! ! Transport sub-model (CATT). ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $CATT_INFO !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! CATT -- this will tell whether to run (1) or not to run (0) CATT. ! ! ! ! The following parameters will be used only if CATT is set to 1. ! ! ! ! FIREMAPFN -- this is the path plus prefix of the fire and tracers ! ! RECYCLE_TRACERS -- Tracers should be recycled (0 - no, 1 - yes ! ! PLUMERISE -- flag to active the plume rise mechanism for biomass burning ! ! emissions (0 - off, 1 - on) ! ! PRFRQ -- Time interval in seconds during a simulation which the injection ! ! layer of biomass burning flaming emissions will be released is ! ! to be computed by the plumerise parametrisation ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CATT = 0, FIREMAPFN = '/gfs/dk15/fazenda/data/Queima_source', RECYCLE_TRACERS = 0, PLUMERISE = 0, PRFRQ = 3600., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls parameters relative to the TEB urban model. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $TEB_SPM_INFO !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! TEB_SPM - flag to decide whether to turn TEB on or off. (1=on; 0=off). ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! TEB_SPM = 0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls which initial and boundary atmospheric conditions will be ! ! used by BRAMS, and how they will be used. This is also the place where you can set the ! ! output of your runs. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $MODEL_FILE_INFO !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! INITIAL - How should BRAMS initialise the atmospheric state for this simulation. ! ! 1. Horizontally homogeneous, the user will provide a radiosonde profile ! ! (check the MODEL_SOUND namelist for further details. ! ! 2. Initial conditions will come from the isentropic analysis ! ! given in VARFPFX. ! ! 3. Initial conditions will come from history file given in HFILIN. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! INITIAL = 2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NUD_TYPE -- Nudging is the lateral and top boundary conditions, but it is also a ! ! function that may be applied in the middle of the domain so BRAMS ! ! results don't drift away too much from the input data. Options are: ! ! 0. No nudging at all (not recommended unless for very short runs). ! ! 1. Nudge from history files, provided by NUD_HFILE. This is the same ! ! as a one-way nesting ! ! 2. Nudge from isentropic files provided by VARFPFX. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NUD_TYPE = 2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! VARFPFX -- This is the prefix for the isentropic files that will be used for ! ! nudging. Used only when NUD_TYPE is 2. Make sure that VARPFX at the ! ! ISAN_CONTROL namelist is exactly the same as VARFPFX unless you really ! ! want to use a different dataset. ! ! VWAIT1 -- In case the expected file isn't there, you may make BRAMS to wait for ! ! the file. VWAIT1 tells how long BRAMS should wait until checking for ! ! the file again (in seconds). If all files are already there, you can up ! ! set this to 0. ! ! VWAITTOT -- If BRAMS has waited until the time specified in VWAITTOT (seconds), then ! ! the model gives up and quit. ! ! NUD_HFILE -- This is the prefix for when NUD_TYPE is set to 1. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! VARFPFX = './isean/iv_eb12', VWAIT1 = 0., VWAITTOT = 0., NUD_HFILE = './histo/h_eb12', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables control the parts of the domain that are subject to ! ! nudging, the nudging strength, and the relative weight for different variables and ! ! different grids. ! ! ! ! NUDLAT -- number of points in the edge of the domain that will be considered ! ! lateral boundary ! ! TNUDLAT -- Time scale at the lateral boundary. Nudging will be stronger for ! ! small values. Setting this to zero, however, will turn off nudging. ! ! Value is given in seconds. ! ! TNUDCENT -- Time scale at the grid centre. Nudging will be controlled by this ! ! variable except at the lateral boundary. It works the same way as ! ! TNUDLAT. ! ! TNUDTOP -- Time scale at the grid top. Above ZNUDTOP, this will be the time ! ! scale. It works the same way as TNUDLAT. ! ! ZNUDTOP -- Height above which BRAMS will use TNUDTOP rather than TNUDCENT. ! ! WT_NUDGE_GRID -- Relative weight of nudging, in case you want weaker nudging for ! ! nested grids. One value for each grid, the first one should be ! ! always one. ! ! WT_NUDGE_UV -- Relative weight for wind nudging ! ! WT_NUDGE_TH -- Relative weight for ice-liquid potential temperature ! ! WT_NUDGE_PI -- Relative weight for the Exner function ! ! WT_NUDGE_RT -- Relative weight for the total water mixing ratio ! ! WT_NUDGE_CO2 -- Relative weight for CO2 mixing ratio. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NUDLAT = 5 , TNUDLAT = 3600., TNUDCENT = 64800., TNUDTOP = 10800., ZNUDTOP = 18000., WT_NUDGE_GRID = 1., 0.80, WT_NUDGE_UV = 1., WT_NUDGE_TH = 1., WT_NUDGE_PI = 1., WT_NUDGE_RT = 1., WT_NUDGE_CO2 = 1., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Nudging of condensed/frozen water. ! ! ! ! NUD_COND -- Apply nudging to condensed/frozen water (0 = no, 1 = yes) ! ! ! ! These options will be used only if NUD_COND is set to 1. ! ! ! ! COND_HFILE -- Header file name for condensed/frozen water nudging. You must ! ! provide a full header file, although only the prefix will be ! ! used. ! ! TCOND_BEG -- Run time when we should start applying nudging ! ! TCOND_END -- Run time when we should stop nudging ! ! T_NUDGE_RC -- time scale for the condensed nudging. It works the same way as ! ! TNUDLAT ! ! WT_NUDGEC_GRID -- Grid relative weights for nudging of condensed/frozen water. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NUD_COND = 0, COND_HFILE = './histo/h_eb12-H-2014-04-06-120000-head.txt', TCOND_BEG = 0., TCOND_END = 21600., T_NUDGE_RC = 3600., WT_NUDGEC_GRID = 1., 0.8, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Data assimilation directly from observations. This is different from the blending ! ! that can be done in the isentropic analysis because this is used directly as nudging, ! ! so the effect is generally stronger. ! ! ! ! IF_ODA -- Apply observation data assimilation, ODA (0 - no, 1 - yes) ! ! ! ! The following variables are used only if IF_ODA is 1. ! ! ODA_UPAPREFIX -- file prefix for upper air observations (radiosondes) ! ! ODA_SFCPREFIX -- file prefix for surface observations (weather stations/towers) ! ! FRQODA -- frequency of observation analysis ! ! TODABEG -- simulation time when we should start applying the ODA [seconds] ! ! TODAEND -- simulation time when we should stop applying the ODA [seconds] ! ! TNUDODA -- nudging time scale for ODA (it works the same way as the TNUDLAT) ! ! WT_ODA_GRID -- relative nudging weights for active grids. Setting the value to ! ! zero turns off data assimilation to that particular grid. ! ! WT_ODA_UV -- ODA nudging weight factor for winds ! ! WT_ODA_TH -- ODA nudging weight factor for ice-liquid potential temperature ! ! WT_ODA_PI -- ODA nudging weight factor for the Exner function ! ! WT_ODA_RT -- ODA nudging weight factor for the total water mixing ratio ! ! RODA_SFCE -- radius [m] where the influence of surface observations falls to e^-2 ! ! RODA_SFC0 -- radius [m] where the influence of surface observations falls to 0 ! ! RODA_UPAE -- radius [m] where the influence of upper air observations falls to ! ! e^-2 ! ! RODA_UPA0 -- radius [m] where the influence of upper air observations falls to 0 ! ! RODA_HGT -- height [m] at which we transition from surface radii of influence to ! ! the upper air ones. ! ! RODA_ZFACT -- vertical factor related to dx/dz (more details on the manual) ! ! ODA_SFC_TIL -- time interpolation limit (TIL) for surface observations [seconds]. ! ! If the future-past observation time is greater than this limit, do ! ! not use for interpolations. ! ! ODA_SFC_TEL -- time extrapolate limit (TEL) for surface observations. If the ! ! past or future observation is greater than TIL, but less than TEL, ! ! then use the observations. ! ! ODA_UPA_TIL -- same as ODA_SFC_TIL but for the upper air observations ! ! ODA_UPA_TEL -- same as ODA_SFC_TEL but for the upper air observations ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IF_ODA = 0, ODA_UPAPREFIX = '', ODA_SFCPREFIX = '', FRQODA = 21600., TODABEG = 0., TODAEND = 99999999., TNUDODA = 3600., WT_ODA_GRID = 1., 0.75, WT_ODA_UV = 1., WT_ODA_TH = 1., WT_ODA_PI = 1., WT_ODA_RT = 1., RODA_SFCE = 72000., 36000., RODA_SFC0 = 200000., 216000., RODA_UPAE = 150000., 75000., RODA_UPA0 = 450000., 225000., RODA_HGT = 3000., 3000., RODA_ZFACT = 100., 100., ODA_SFC_TIL = 21600., ODA_SFC_TEL = 1200., ODA_UPA_TIL = 43200., ODA_UPA_TEL = 3600., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables control the cumulus inversion tendency, i.e., it reads ! ! in precipitation data and create a cumulus clouds out of them and add them to the ! ! atmospheric fields. This is not fully implemented, and no longer supported so if you ! ! are not sure whether you should turn this on or not, that means you don't want it. ! ! ! ! IF_CUINV -- This flag controls whether to run the cumulus inversion ! ! (0 - no, 1 - oh, dear) ! ! ! ! The following variables are used only if IF_CUINV is 1. ! ! ! ! CU_PREFIX -- Prefix with the interpolated cumulus files. ! ! TNUDCU -- Time scale for rainfall nudging (works the same way as TNUDLAT) ! ! TCU_BEG -- Time to start applying the cumulus inversion nudging [seconds] ! ! TCU_END -- Time to stop applying the cumulus inversion nudging [seconds] ! ! CU_TEL -- Time extrapolate limit (TEL) for cumulus inversion [seconds]. If the ! ! past or future observation is greater than TIL, but less than TEL, then ! ! use the observations. ! ! CU_TIL -- time interpolation limit (TIL) for cumulus inversion [seconds]. If the ! ! future-past observation time is greater than this limit, do not use to ! ! interpolate. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IF_CUINV = 0, CU_PREFIX = './cumul/c_eb12-C-', TNUDCU = 900., WT_CU_GRID = 1., 1., .5, TCU_BEG = 0., TCU_END = 7200., CU_TEL = 3600., CU_TIL = 21600., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! History file information. These variables are used to continue a simulation from ! ! a point other than the beginning. Time must be in UTC. ! ! ! ! IMONTHH, IDATEH, IYEARH, ITIMEH -- the time of the history file. This is the only ! ! place you need to change dates for a HISTORY run. You may change IMONTHZ and ! ! related in case you want to extend the run, but yo should NOT change IMONTHA and ! ! related. ! ! HFILIN -- prefix of the history file. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IMONTHH = 04, IDATEH = 07, IYEARH = 2014, ITIMEH = 0000, HFILIN = './histo/h_eb12', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! These variables control the input for assimilation, which are currently use by ! ! LEAF-3 variables only (see ISFCL). ! ! ! ! IPASTIN -- Should I initialise various LEAF fields from analysis file? ! ! (0 = no, 1 = yes) ! ! PASTFN -- In case IPASTIN is 1, this is the input analysis file name. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IPASTIN = 0, PASTFN = './analy/a_eb12-A-2014-04-06-120000-head.txt', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Variables that control the regular output. ! ! ! ! IOUTPUT -- Kind of output: ! ! 0. No output files. ! ! 1. ASCII file. No longer supported. ! ! 2. Binary files, the BRAMS original output ! ! 3. HDF5 files ! ! HFILOUT -- Prefix for history files. ! ! AFILOUT -- Prefix for analysis files ! ! ICLOBBER -- What to do in case the model finds a file that it was supposed the ! ! written? 0 = stop the run, 1 = overwrite without warning. ! ! IHISTDEL -- what to do when a more recent history file is written? ! ! 0 -- keep the old ones ! ! 1 -- delete the old ones, keep only the most recent. ! ! FRQHIS -- time interval between history files, in seconds. ! ! FRQANL -- time interval between analysis files. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IOUTPUT = 2, HFILOUT = './histo/h_eb12', AFILOUT = './analy/a_eb12', ICLOBBER = 1, IHISTDEL = 0, FRQHIS = 43200., FRQANL = 3600., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! BRAMS also has the option of writing light analysis, which will only contain the ! ! variables and the part of the domain you want: ! ! ! ! FRQLITE -- time interval between light analysis. Setting this to zero will turn off ! ! light analysis ! ! ! ! The following variables will be used only if FRQLITE is not zero. ! ! ! ! XLITE -- The absolute grid indices for the X direction. For the full domain, ! ! set it to /0:0/ ! ! YLITE -- Same as XLITE, but for the Y direction. ! ! ZLITE -- Same as XLITE, but for the vertical direction. ! ! NLITE_VARS -- Number of variables to be in the output ! ! LITE_VARS -- The list of variables to be included. Make sure to adjust NLITE_VARS ! ! accordinly. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! FRQLITE = 0., XLITE = '/0:0/', YLITE = '/0:0/', ZLITE = '/0:0/', NLITE_VARS = 71, LITE_VARS = 'GLON', 'GLAT', 'TOPT', 'CONPRR', 'PCPRR', 'PCPRP', 'PCPRS', 'PCPRA', 'PCPRG', 'PCPRH', 'ACONPR', 'ACCPR', 'ACCPP', 'ACCPS', 'ACCPA', 'ACCPG', 'ACCPH', 'PP', 'UP', 'VP', 'TKEP', 'SIGW', 'THETA', 'RV', 'CO2P', 'RCP', 'RRP', 'RPP', 'RSP', 'RAP', 'RGP', 'RHP', 'Q6', 'Q7', 'CUPRLIQ', 'CUPRICE', 'PATCH_AREA', 'PATCH_ROUGH', 'VEG_HEIGHT', 'CAN_PRSS', 'CAN_THETA', 'CAN_RVAP', 'CAN_CO2', 'USTAR', 'TSTAR', 'RSTAR', 'CSTAR', 'VEG_LAI', 'RIBULK', 'ZETA', 'SFLUX_T', 'SFLUX_R', 'SFLUX_C', 'SFLUX_U', 'SFLUX_V', 'SFLUX_W', 'PBLHGT', 'RSHORT', 'RLONG', 'RLONGUP', 'ALBEDT', 'MYNUM', 'SOIL_ENERGY', 'SOIL_WATER', 'SOIL_TEXT', 'LEAF_CLASS', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The files above will produce instantaneous fields, and often you may need averaged ! ! fields instead. The following variables will control how the average is done and ! ! how often they should be written. ! ! AVGTIM -- Average time for analysis variables. The absolute value must be less than ! ! or equal to FRQANL, and normally you would want to set this the same as ! ! FRQMEAN or FRQBOTH. ! ! = 0 -- special flag, no average will be produced ! ! < 0 -- The output file will contain the average ending at that time, ! ! in seconds. E.g. -3600. will produce averages every hour, ending at ! ! that hour. ! ! > 0 -- The output file will contain the average centred at that time, in ! ! seconds. E.g. 3600. will produce averages every hour, from half an ! ! hour before to half an hour after. ! ! FRQMEAN -- Time interval between two averaged files, in seconds. ! ! 0 means that you don't want average files ! ! FRQBOTH -- Time interval between two "both" files. "Both" means both averaged and ! ! light. 0 means that you don't want these files. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! AVGTIM = 0., FRQMEAN = 0., FRQBOTH = 0., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! This flag determines whether to include the scalar diffusivity coefficients to the ! ! analysis files. 0 means no, 1 means yes. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! KWRITE = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variable controls the output of full domain variables on screen. ! ! Other than debugging, this is not recommended. ! ! FRQPRT -- Time interval between these prints, in seconds. 0 means never print it. ! ! INITFLD -- Should the initial field be printed on screen? (0 = no, 1 = yes). ! ! ! ! More options at the MODEL_PRINT namelist. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! FRQPRT = 21600., INITFLD = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! These variables are the path to where the code should write the surface files ! ! that are interpolated to this simulation domain. ! ! ! ! TOPFILES -- File path and prefix for topography ! ! SFCFILES -- File path and prefix for land use and soil texture ! ! SSTFPFX -- File path and prefix for SST files ! ! NDVIFPFX -- File path and prefix for NDVI or LAI files (see IUSELAI). ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! TOPFILES = './surfa/top_eb12', SFCFILES = './surfa/sfc_eb12', SSTFPFX = './surfa/sst_eb12', NDVIFPFX = './surfa/lai_eb12', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables control which surface conditions we should use, and how they ! ! should be used for topography, SST, land use (veg), soil texture and NDVI/LAI (see ! ! IUSELAI). You must provide on value for each grid. ! ! 0 -- Interpolate from coarser grid (not an option for the first grid) ! ! 1 -- Read in from a dataset I will provide in the IXXXXFN variables a few lines ! ! below. ! ! 2 -- No data available, I will use constant values I will provide in the ! ! MODEL_OPTIONS namelist. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ITOPTFLG = 1,1,1, ISSTFLG = 1,1,1, IVEGTFLG = 1,1,1, ISOILFLG = 1,1,1, NDVIFLG = 1,1,1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NOFILFLG -- what to do in case I don't find the files? ! ! 0 - interpolate from coarser grid ! ! 2 - use the horizontally homogeneous values prescribed in MODEL_OPTIONS. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NOFILFLG = 2,0,0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NDVI/LAI and SST may change over time. These variables control whether to !! ! update the values using linear interpolation or not. ! ! 0 - use initial values and keep the field constant. ! ! 1 - linearly interpolate them throughout the simulation. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IUPDNDVI = 1, IUPDSST = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IUSELAI -- Ultimately we need LAI in LEAF, but the default dataset is usually NDVI. ! ! This variable lets you to decide which field you provide: ! ! ! ! 0 -- Don't substitute LAI data for the NDVI data ! ! 1 -- The NDVI data files are actually LAI data ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IUSELAI = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following only apply for IxxxxFLG=1. If IVEGTFLG and/or ISOILFLG are set to 3 ! ! and it is a coupled run, then you must set up VEG_DATABASE and/or SOIL_DATABASE, ! ! respectively. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ITOPTFN = '../dados_brams/topo/EL', ISSTFN = '../dados_brams/sst_week/RAMS/W', IVEGTFN = '../dados_brams/bau2002/BAU-2002_', ISOILFN = '../dados_brams/FAO/FAO_', NDVIFN = '../dados_brams/lai-modis/LAI', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Topography scheme: ! ! ITOPSFLG - This variable controls how high-resolution topography should be read in ! ! Check the manual for the pros and cons of each method. ! ! 0 = Average Orography ! ! 1 = Silhouette Orography ! ! 2 = Envelope Orography ! ! 3 = Reflected Envelope Orography ! ! ! ! TOPTENH - This is ignored if ITOPSFLG is 0. ! ! - If ITOPSFLG is 1, this is the weighting of topography silhouette ! ! averaging ! ! - If ITOPSFLG is 2 or 3, this is the reflected envelope and envelope ! ! orography enhancement factor ! ! ! ! TOPTWVL - this is the topography wavelength cutoff in the orography filter ! ! Value given in number of grid cells. More details in the manual. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ITOPSFLG = 0,0, TOPTENH = 1.,1., TOPTWVL = 3.,2.,2.,4., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Surface roughness scheme ! ! ! ! IZ0FLG - this variable controls how to determine roughness (one value for each grid). ! ! 0 - use vegetation, bare soil, snow, and water surface only ! ! 1 - use all the above plus the sub-grid scale topography. ! ! ! ! Z0MAX - Maximum sub-grid topography roughness when IZ0FLG is 1. ! ! Z0FACT - This is the sub-grid scale orographic roughness factor. More details in the ! ! manual. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IZ0FLG = 0,0, Z0MAX = 5.,5., Z0FACT = 0.005, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Microphysics collection tables. This creates the collection tables with the ! ! microphysics parameters you specify in the MODEL_OPTIONS. You can save some time in ! ! the beginning of the simulation by saving this table the first time you run the model ! ! and reusing the table next time you run the model. ! ! ! ! MKCOLTAB -- Flag to decide whether to generate a table or not. ! ! 0. use an old table. Useful for stable operational runs where the ! ! settings don't change. ! ! 1. create a new table. This is the recommended option for most cases. ! ! ! ! COLTABFN -- path and file name for the collection table. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! MKCOLTAB = 1, COLTABFN = './micro/collection_table_eb12', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls the variables used by the cumulus parametrisation. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $CUPARM_OPTIONS !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NNQPARM(ngrids) = This determines whether to run the cumulus parametrisation or not. ! ! 0 means no and 1 means yes. ! ! There is no standard on this, the rule of thumb is that if your ! ! grid resolution is coarser than 15km, you should turn it on, and ! ! if it is finer than 2 km, you should turn it off. For grid ! ! resolutions in between, trial and error is the best advice... ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NNQPARM = 1,1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NCLOUDS: How many clouds do you want to use? ! ! PS1: If you want to run deep convection only, use nclouds=1 ! ! PS2: If you want to run shallow convection only for a certain grid ! ! (or all grids...) set up nclouds to 2 and ndeepest to 0 ! ! PS3: If NCLOUDS >= 3, then the middle ones will necessarily use Grell's ! ! parametrisation. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NCLOUDS = 2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Both define the cumulus scheme to be used for the deepest and shallowest clouds. ! ! NDEEPEST(ngrids) : 0 - turn it off; 1- run Kuo ; 2- run Grell; 3- run old Grell; ! ! NSHALLOWEST(ngrids) : 0 - turn it off; 1- run Souza; 2- run Grell; 3- run old Grell; ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NDEEPEST = 2,2, NSHALLOWEST = 2,2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! WCLDBS -- used only if NNDEEPEST is set to 1. In this case, it means the minimum ! ! vertical motion needed at cloud base to trigger convection [m/s] ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! WCLDBS = 0.0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! CONFRQ: how often should the cumulus parametrisation be updated? ! ! CPTIME: when I should start computing the cumulus parametrisation. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CONFRQ = 1200., CPTIME = 1200., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! How to find the level in which updrafts originate: ! ! 1. Maximum moist static energy; ! ! 2. PBL top (if IDIFFK=7, uses the pblhgt from turbulence) ! ! 3. Most turbulent layer ! ! 4. Max w+sigw within the PBL. ! ! 5. Start from the bottom, move upwards (5 is available only if CAP_MAXS < 0) ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IUPMETHOD = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables have (nclouds) dimension. ! ! ! ! RADIUS - Cloud mean radius [m]. Important: clouds won't have downdrafts nor ! ! precipitation if their radius is less than min_down_radius ! ! (grell_coms.f90). Default min_down_radius is 900. ! ! DEPTH_MIN - Minimum depth that the cloud must have [m]. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! RADIUS = 12000., 600., DEPTH_MIN = 4000., 100., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! CAP_MAXS controls whether convection can happen or not. Values can be negative or ! ! positive (but never 0). It is a scalar. ! ! Positive: Depth of the inverse capping in hPa. The larger the value is, the less ! ! likely is to develop convection. ! ! Negative: The minimum probability [%] of the air parcel leaving from the level of ! ! origin of the updrafts to reach the level of free convection (if its radius ! ! is greater than min_down_radius) or the minimum depth (if its radius is ! ! less than min_down_radius). The probability is found by using the mean ! ! velocity and sigma-w and assuming normal distribution, so this option works ! ! only when IDIFFK is 1 or 7. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CAP_MAXS = -20.0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables are scalars. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CLD2PREC = -0.30, ! Ratio of conversion of condensates to precipitation. [ ---] ZKBMAX = 4000., ! Maximum AGL height in which updrafts can originate. [ m] ZCUTDOWN = 3000., ! Maximum AGL height in which downdrafts can originate. [ m] Z_DETR = 1250., ! Top of the downdraft detrainment layer [ m] MAX_HEAT = 600., ! Maximum heating rate allowed for feedback [ K/day] !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! CLOSURE_TYPE - Closure type to find the reference updraft mass flux. The options ! ! are the following (case insensitive). ! ! !----------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ! ! Type | Description | Deep | Shal | Reference Paper ! ! ! !------+--------------------------------+------+------+----------------------------! ! ! ! EN | Ensemble (all closures) | yes | no | Grell and Dévényi, 2002 ! ! ! ! NC | Ensemble, excluding LO and MC | yes | yes | Grell and Dévényi, 2002 ! ! ! ! QI | Ensemble, with AS and KF only | yes | yes | Grell and Dévényi, 2002 ! ! ! ! GR | Modified quasi-equilibrium ABE | yes | yes | Grell, 1993 ! ! ! ! LO | Low level omega | yes | no | Frank and Cohen, 1987 ! ! ! ! MC | moisture convergence | yes | no | Krishnamurti et al., 1983 ! ! ! ! KF | Instability removal | yes | yes | Kain and Fritsch, 1990 ! ! ! ! AS | Quasi equilibrium of ABE | yes | yes | Arakawa and Schubert, 1974 ! ! ! !----------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ! ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CLOSURE_TYPE = 'KF', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables will define the ensemble members other than the reference ! ! updraft mass flux which you have just defined. For the next ones, odd numbers are ! ! preferred over even numbers since everything is centred around the reference value. ! ! They are all (cloud) dependent. ! ! PS1: Use with moderation, these members are multiplicative and may slow down your ! ! run. ! ! PS2: The perturbation increments are defined inside the code, feel free to take them ! ! out... ! ! ! ! MAXENS_LSF -- Number of different arbitrary mass fluxes for GR/AS/KF dynamic ! ! control (it will also create some different numbers for MC) ! ! MAXENS_EFF -- Number of precipitation efficiency members ! ! MAXENS_CAP -- Number of static control members, currently changes in cap_maxs. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! MAXENS_LSF = 1, MAXENS_EFF = 1, MAXENS_CAP = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist will allow you to set up and choose several of the BRAMS sub-models. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $MODEL_OPTIONS !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NADDSC -- number of additional scalar species (e.g., trace gases). Remember that you ! ! must change the code to properly initialise the variables. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NADDSC = 0, ! Number of additional scalar species !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ICORFLG -- 0 - no Coriolis effect (used for specific and theoretical tests). ! ! 1 - vertical component of Coriolis, the one that affects horizontal winds ! ! the most. This is the option you should use for most simulations. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ICORFLG = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IADVEC -- 1 - Original advection scheme ! ! 2 - Monotonic advection scheme, Freitas et al. (2013, JAMES). ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IADVEC = 2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IEXEV -- Exner function tendency. ! ! 1 -- original BRAMS. This ignores advection, compression and heating. Not ! ! recommended, but this is the only option that works if IF_ADAP is 1. ! ! 2 -- full equation, as in Medvigy et al. (2005). Strongly recommended if ! ! using terrain-following coordinate (IF_ADAP = 0), and even more so if ! ! you will run Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Models afterwards. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IEXEV = 2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IMASSFLX -- Should the model include mass fluxes in the output. These are just ! ! diagnostic variables but they are important for Lagrangian Particle ! ! Dispersion Models. Values: 0 = no, 1 = yes. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IMASSFLX = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IBND, JBND - This controls the lateral boundary conditions for X and Y components, ! ! respectively. Options are: ! ! ! ! 1 -- Klemp and Wilhelmson. It allows disturbances to propagate out of the domain ! ! with little reflection. This is the commonest option. ! ! 2 -- Klemp and Lilly. No description available ! ! 3 -- Orlanski. No description available ! ! 4 -- Cyclic. Things leaving from one corner will appear in the opposite corner. ! ! ! ! CPHAS -- used if IBND or JBND is 1. This is the characteristic propagation speed of ! ! internal gravity waves, given in m/s. A typical value is 20 m/s. Using ! ! very large values is equivalent to the zero-gradient boundary condition, ! ! whereas very small values will cause reflection of the waves back to the ! ! domain interior. ! ! LSFLG -- used only if IBND or JBND is set to 1. This variable describes how the ! ! lateral boundary condition is to be applied for variables other than the ! ! wind normal to the boundary. Each of this have its own advantages and ! ! drawbacks, so check the manual before changing it. ! ! 0 -- Zero gradient for inflow and for outflow (typical setting) ! ! 1 -- Zero gradient for inflow, radiative boundary condition for outflow ! ! 2 -- Constant inflow, radiative boundary condition for outflow ! ! 3 -- Constant inflow and outflow ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IBND = 1, JBND = 1, CPHAS = 20., LSFLG = 0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! These variables control the Rayleigh friction absorbing layer for the top of the ! ! domain. ! ! NFPT -- number of points starting from the top in which the Raleigh "sponge" is to ! ! be applied. IMPORTANT!!! Set this to zero if running with variable INITIAL ! ! set to 1 or 2, and if running with radiossonde, make sure that your grid ! ! goes well into the stratosphere because this should be only applied in ! ! stable atmosphere. ! ! DISTIM -- Dissipation time scale in seconds. This should be at least twice the value ! ! of DTLONG for numerical stability and normally ranges from 60 to 200 ! ! seconds. Ignored when NFPT = 0. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NFPT = 0, DISTIM = 200., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Radiation parameters ! ! ISWRTYP/ILWRTYP -- these variables control which radiation sub-model to use for ! ! shortwave and longwave, respectively. ! ! 0. No radiation. Useful only for theoretical runs. ! ! 1. Chen and Cotton (1983). This is a simplified model based on Arctic strato- ! ! cumulus, and assumes that any hydrometeor is a cloud droplet. ! ! 2. Mahrer and Pielke (1977). The earliest implementation, it is the fastest and ! ! the simplest method, mostly because it ignores the effect of clouds. ! ! 3. Harrington et al. (2000). This method takes into account the different ! ! optical properties of each hydrometeor differently, but this has the price of ! ! making the runs slower. ! ! 4. CARMA, after Toon et al. (1988). This method takes into account ice and ! ! liquid hydrometeors even though it doesn't distinguish them. ! ! ! ! ICUMFDBK -- This flag checks whethet to include the effect of clouds from the cumulus ! ! parametrisation, by calling the radiation model for each cumulus cloud ! ! plus the cumulus free environment and averaging them according to the ! ! fraction of area. ! ! 0 -- ignore cumulus effect. ! ! 1 -- include cumulus effect. This works only for Harrington and for ! ! longwave CARMA. ! ! ! ! RADFRQ -- How often is the radiation model called (in seconds). ! ! LONRAD -- Should the radiation change with longitude? ! ! 0 -- no. Useful for theoretical and idealised runs only ! ! 1 -- yes. That's the standard for most runs. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISWRTYP = 3, ILWRTYP = 4, ICUMFDBK = 1, RADFRQ = 600., LONRAD = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! ! The following block of variables control some of the settings for the land ! ! surface model. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NPATCH -- This is the maximum number of land use classes, including ! ! water, allowed in each grid cell. ! ! NVEGPAT -- Number of patches that will be filled with non-water land use. ! ! MIN_PATCH_AREA -- The minimum fraction for a LEAF-3 patch to be considered. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NPATCH = 3, NVEGPAT = 2, MIN_PATCH_AREA = 0.01, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ISFCL -- Which surface model to use: ! ! 0. No model, specified surface layer gradients. ! ! 1. LEAF-3. Big leaf model. ! ! 2. LEAF-3, with TOPMODEL hydrology. ! ! 3. SiB. (disabled). ! ! 4. LEAF-3+. Same as option 1 but with a two-stream radiation model and ! ! land carbon parametrisations (GPP and respiration). ! ! 5. ED-2. Ecosystem Demography Model, version 2.2 ! ! (disabled for this version to reduce compilation time). ! ! DTLEAF -- Used only when ISFCL is 1, 2 or 4, this is the nominal time step for ! ! LEAF-3 in seconds. This should never be greater than 30 seconds, and it ! ! must not exceed DTLONG. In case DTLONG < DTLEAF, DTLONG will be used ! ! instead. If DTLEAF is not a divisor of DTLONG, the value will be ! ! adjusted to the highest number less than DTLEAF that is a divisor of ! ! DTLONG. ! ! NDTVEG -- number of sub-steps to solve the vegetation budget (ISFCL=1,2,4 only). ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISFCL = 4, DTLEAF = 12.5, NDTVEG = 5, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ISTAR -- Similarity theory model. The model that computes u*, T*, etc... Used by ! ! both LEAF-3 and ED-2. ! ! 1. BRAMS default, based on Louis (1979). It uses empirical relations to ! ! estimate the flux based on the bulk Richardson number ! ! ! ! All models below use an interative method to find z/L, and the only change ! ! is the functional form of the psi functions. ! ! ! ! 2. Oncley and Dudhia (1995) model, based on MM5. ! ! 3. Beljaars and Holtslag (1991) model. Similar to 2, but it uses an alternative ! ! method for the stable case that mixes more than the OD95. ! ! 4. CLM (2004). Similar to 2 and 3, but they have special functions to deal with ! ! very stable and very stable cases. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISTAR = 3, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IGRNDVAP -- Methods to find the ground -> canopy conductance. This is used by ! ! both LEAF-3 and ED-2. ! ! 0. Modified Lee Pielke (1992), adding field capacity, but using beta factor ! ! without the square, like in Noilhan and Planton (1989). This is the ! ! closest to the original ED-2.0 and LEAF-3. ! ! 1. Test # 1 of Mahfouf and Noilhan (1991) ! ! 2. Test # 2 of Mahfouf and Noilhan (1991) ! ! 3. Test # 3 of Mahfouf and Noilhan (1991) ! ! 4. Test # 4 of Mahfouf and Noilhan (1991) ! ! 5. Combination of test #1 (alpha) and test #2 (soil resistance). ! ! In all cases the beta term is modified so it approaches zero as soil moisture ! ! goes to dry air soil. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IGRNDVAP = 0, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables control the minimum values of various velocities in ! ! the canopy. This is needed to avoid the air to be extremely still, or to avoid ! ! singularities. When defining the values, keep in mind that ! ! UBMIN >= UGBMIN >= USTMIN. ! ! ! ! UBMIN -- minimum wind speed at the top of the canopy air space [ m/s] ! ! UGBMIN -- minimum wind speed at the leaf level [ m/s] ! ! USTMIN -- minimum friction velocity, u*, in m/s. [ m/s] ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! UBMIN = 1.00, UGBMIN = 0.25, USTMIN = 0.08, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables are used to control the similarity theory model. For ! ! the meaning of these parameters, check Beljaars and Holtslag (1991). ! ! GAMM -- gamma coefficient for momentum, unstable case (dimensionless) ! ! Ignored when ISTAR = 1 ! ! GAMH -- gamma coefficient for heat, unstable case (dimensionless) ! ! Ignored when ISTAR = 1 ! ! TPRANDTL -- Turbulent Prandtl number ! ! Ignored when ISTAR = 1 ! ! RIBMAX -- maximum bulk Richardson number. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! GAMM = 13., GAMH = 13., TPRANDTL = 0.74, RIBMAX = 0.50, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! LEAF_MAXWHC -- Maximum water that can be intercepted by leaves, in kg/m2leaf. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! LEAF_MAXWHC = 0.10, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Prognostic CO2. Used not only by the surface model, but everywhere... ! ! ! ! ICO2 -- CO2 complexity level. ! ! 0. Do not solve it (CO2CON(1) will be used as a time invariant CO2 ! ! mixing ratio whenever needed); ! ! 1. Solve it initialising with a constant value [CO2CON(1)] ! ! 2. Solve and initialise with a horizontally homogeneous profile, ! ! filling CO2CON with all values from bottom to top. ! ! 3 - Solve and initialise with a RALPH2/SOUND_IN file (not available ! ! yet). ! ! CO2CON -- Initial constant CO2 value or profile if for all domain. If ICO2 = 0 ! ! or 1, only the first value will be considered, and if ICO2=2, then ! ! provide one value per level. Unit here is µmol/mol. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ICO2 = 1, CO2CON = 395., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NVGCON -- LEAF-3 vegetation class to use if IVEGTFLAG is 2 (constant for the ! ! entire domain). Used by both ED and LEAF, although for ED-2 the only ! ! thing that matters is the fraction of non-water patches. Possible ! ! values are: ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! 0 - Ocean | 11 - Tundra ! ! 1 - Lakes, rivers, streams | 12 - Evergreen shrub ! ! 2 - Ice cap/glacier | 13 - Deciduous shrub ! ! 3 - Desert, bare soil | 14 - Mixed woodland ! ! 4 - Evergreen needleleaf tree | 15 - Crop/mixed farming, C3 grassland ! ! 5 - Deciduous needleleaf tree | 16 - Irrigated crop ! ! 6 - Deciduous broadleaf tree | 17 - Bog or marsh ! ! 7 - Evergreen broadleaf tree | 18 - Wooded grassland ! ! 8 - Short grass | 19 - Urban and built up ! ! 9 - Tall grass | 20 - Wetland evergreen broadleaf tree ! ! 10 - Semi-desert | 21 - Very urban (TEB only) ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NVGCON = 7, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! PCTLCON -- Land fraction in case IVEGTFLAG is set to 2. (dimensionless, 0-1). ! ! Used by both ED and LEAF. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! PCTLCON = 1., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NSLCON -- LEAF-3 and ED-2 soil texture classes that the model will use when ! ! ISOILFLG is set to 2. Possible values are: ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! 1 -- sand | 7 -- silty clay loam | 13 -- bedrock ! ! 2 -- loamy sand | 8 -- clayey loam | 14 -- silt ! ! 3 -- sandy loam | 9 -- sandy clay | 15 -- heavy clay ! ! 4 -- silty loam | 10 -- silty clay | 16 -- clayey sand ! ! 5 -- loam | 11 -- clay | 17 -- clayey silt ! ! 6 -- sandy clay loam | 12 -- peat ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NSLCON = 16, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ISOILCOL -- LEAF-3 and ED-2 soil colour classes that the model will use when ! ! ISOILFLG is set to 2. Soil classes are from 1 to 20 (1 = lightest; ! ! 20 = darkest). The values are the same as CLM-4.0. The table is the ! ! albedo for visible and near infra-red. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ! ! |-----------------------------------------------------------------------| ! ! | | Dry soil | Saturated | | Dry soil | Saturated | ! ! | Class |-------------+-------------| Class +-------------+-------------| ! ! | | VIS | NIR | VIS | NIR | | VIS | NIR | VIS | NIR | ! ! |-------+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+------+------| ! ! | 1 | 0.36 | 0.61 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 11 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.13 | 0.26 | ! ! | 2 | 0.34 | 0.57 | 0.23 | 0.46 | 12 | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.12 | 0.24 | ! ! | 3 | 0.32 | 0.53 | 0.21 | 0.42 | 13 | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.11 | 0.22 | ! ! | 4 | 0.31 | 0.51 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 14 | 0.20 | 0.31 | 0.10 | 0.20 | ! ! | 5 | 0.30 | 0.49 | 0.19 | 0.38 | 15 | 0.18 | 0.29 | 0.09 | 0.18 | ! ! | 6 | 0.29 | 0.48 | 0.18 | 0.36 | 16 | 0.16 | 0.27 | 0.08 | 0.16 | ! ! | 7 | 0.28 | 0.45 | 0.17 | 0.34 | 17 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.14 | ! ! | 8 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 0.16 | 0.32 | 18 | 0.12 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.12 | ! ! | 9 | 0.26 | 0.41 | 0.15 | 0.30 | 19 | 0.10 | 0.21 | 0.05 | 0.10 | ! ! | 10 | 0.25 | 0.39 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 20 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.08 | ! ! |-----------------------------------------------------------------------| ! ! ! ! Soil type 21 is a special case in which we use the albedo method that used to be ! ! the default in BRAMS-4.0.6 and ED-2.1. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISOILCOL = 10, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ZROUGH -- constant roughness, in metres, if for all domain ! ! ALBEDO -- constant albedo (fraction) if not running soil model ! ! SEATMP -- constant sea surface temperature, in Kelvin, if ISSTFLG = 2. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ZROUGH = .05, ALBEDO = .2, SEATMP = 298., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables are used only when ISFCL is 0. ! ! DTHCON -- constant potential temperature gradient difference between the first ! ! atmospheric layer and the surface [K]. Negative values mean that the ! ! fictious surface is warmer than the air aloft. ! ! DRTCON -- constant water vapour mixing ratio difference between the first ! ! atmospheric layer and the surface [kg/kg]. Negative values mean that ! ! the fictious surface is more humid than the air aloft. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! DTHCON = 0., DRTCON = 0., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables control the soil moisture initialisation. They are ! ! used by both ED and LEAF. ! ! ! ! SOIL_MOIST -- How should the soil moisture be initialised? ! ! 'n' -- Homogeneous, using SLMSTR ! ! 'i' -- Initial, using the file provided by USDATA_IN only when ! ! RUNTYPE = 'INITIAL'. This is the typical setting when ! ! soil moisture data are available. ! ! 'h' -- History, using the file provided by USDATA_IN only when ! ! RUNTYPE = 'HISTORY'. ! ! 'a' -- Using this means that USDATA_IN will be used for both ! ! INITIAL and HISTORY runs. Useful as a way to "nudge" ! ! soil moisture. ! ! SOIL_MOIST_FAIL -- What should the model do in case it doesn't find the soil file: ! ! 's' -- Stop the run. ! ! 'h' -- Give up and initialise soil moisture with SLMSTR ! ! (horizontally homogeneous). ! ! 'l' -- Try to find files with dates of up to 5 days before the ! ! initial time, and if none are available, stop the run. ! ! USDATA_IN -- Input soil moisture path and prefix ! ! USMODEL_IN -- Path and prefix of the file that will be interpolated to the ! ! simulation grid. IMPORTANT. If you change the soil map or ! ! soil properties in general, make sure to delete the file before ! ! running the model again, otherwise you may have unpleasant ! ! surprises. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! SOIL_MOIST = 'i', SOIL_MOIST_FAIL = 's', USDATA_IN = '../dados_brams/soil_moisture_CPTEC/GL_SM.GPNR.', USMODEL_IN = './surfa/smo_eb12', !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Soil grid and initial conditions if no file is provided: ! ! ! ! SLZ - soil depth in m. Values must be negative and go from the deepest layer ! ! to the top. ! ! SLMSTR - this is the initial soil moisture, now given as the soil moisture index. ! ! Values can be fraction, in which case they will be linearly interpolated ! ! between the special points (e.g. 0.5 will put soil moisture half way ! ! between the wilting point and field capacity). ! ! -1 = dry air soil moisture ! ! 0 = wilting point ! ! 1 = field capacity ! ! 2 = porosity (saturation) ! ! STGOFF - initial temperature offset (soil temperature = air temperature + offset) ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! SLZ = -6.000,-4.914,-3.948,-3.100,-2.366,-1.741,-1.222,-0.804,-0.482,-0.249, -0.098,-0.020, SLMSTR = 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, STGOFF = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ISOILBC -- This controls the soil moisture boundary condition at the bottom. ! ! For regional runs, it is wise to use options 1 or 2, especially for ! ! long runs. ! ! 0. Flat bedrock. Flux from the bottom of the bottommost layer is 0. ! ! 1. Gravitational flow (free drainage). The flux from the bottom of ! ! the bottommost layer is due to gradient of height only. ! ! 2. Lateral drainage. Similar to free drainage, but the gradient is ! ! reduced by the slope not being completely vertical. The reduction ! ! is controlled by variable SLDRAIN. In the future options 0, 1, and ! ! 2 may be combined into a single option. ! ! 3. Aquifer. Soil moisture of the ficticious layer beneath the bottom ! ! is always at saturation. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISOILBC = 1, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! SLDRAIN -- This is used only when ISOILBC is set to 2. In this case SLDRAIN is ! ! the equivalent slope that will slow down drainage. If this is set to ! ! zero, then lateral drainage reduces to flat bedrock, and if this is set ! ! to 90, then lateral drainage becomes free drainage. SLDRAIN must be ! ! between 0 and 90. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! SLDRAIN = 10., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IPERCOL -- This controls percolation and infiltration, and it is used by both ! ! LEAF-3 and ED-2. ! ! 0. Default method. Assumes soil conductivity constant and for the ! ! temporary surface water, it sheds liquid in excess of a 1:9 liquid- ! ! -to-ice ratio through percolation. Temporary surface water exists ! ! only if the top soil layer is at saturation. ! ! 1. Constant soil conductivity, and it uses the percolation model as in ! ! Anderson (1976) NOAA technical report NWS 19. Temporary surface ! ! water may exist after a heavy rain event, even if the soil doesn't ! ! saturate. ! ! 2. Soil conductivity decreases with depth even for constant soil ! ! moisture, otherwise it is the same as 1. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IPERCOL = 0, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! RUNOFF_TIME -- In case a temporary surface water (TSW) is created, this is the ! ! "e-folding lifetime" of the TSW in seconds due to runoff. If you ! ! don't want runoff to happen, set this to 0. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! RUNOFF_TIME = 3600.0, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IF_URBAN_CANOPY -- The urban canopy parametrisation, currently not used. ! ! 0 - no, 1 - yes but no in reality. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IF_URBAN_CANOPY =0, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! ! This block controls the turbulence and atmospheric boundary layer model. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IDIFFK -- The eddy diffusion model, one value for each grid you are running. ! ! 1. Horizontal deformation, vertical is Helfand and Labraga (1988) ! ! model, Mellor-Yamada Level 2.5 ! ! 2. Anisotropic deformation, using different coefficients for horizontal ! ! and vertical diffusivity. ! ! 3. Isotropic deformation, using the same coefficients for horizontal ! ! and vertical diffusivity. ! ! 4. Deardorff (1980) TKE model, isotropic. ! ! 5. S. Trini Castelli closure ! ! 6. Another S. Trini Castelli closure ! ! 7. Horizontal deformation, vertical is Nakanishi and Niino (2004) ! ! model, Mellor-Yamada Level 2.5 ! ! ! ! Important. If you are running the new Grell cumulus parametrisation, use ! ! IDIFFK = 1, or preferrably, 7. Options 3, 4, 5, 6 should be used only ! ! when your horizontal grid resolution is of the same order of magnitude ! ! as your vertical grid resolution. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IDIFFK = 7,7,7, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IBRUVAIS -- How to compute the Brunt-Vaisala frequency: ! ! 1. Traditional method -- (g/theta_v d(theta_v)/dz)^˝; ! ! 2. Original BRAMS method, the so-called wet enhancement (deprecated). ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IBRUVAIS = 1, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IBOTFLX -- How to compute the horizontal advection flux. ! ! 0. Original BRAMS, with a bug. Useful if you feel like running the ! ! model with a known bug. ! ! 1. Meesters et al. (2008) bug fix. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IBOTFLX = 1, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IHORGRAD -- How to compute the horizontal gradients. ! ! 1. Horizontal gradient is found from the decomposed terrain-following ! ! gradients. This is the safest method for most applications. ! ! 2. True horizontal gradient. This doesn't conserve mass (a bad ! ! thing), but it allows fine vertical grids. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IHORGRAD = 1, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! CSX -- One value for each grid, used only when IDIFFK is 1, 2, or 7. ! ! This is the coefficient used to compute the horizontal diffusion ! ! coefficients, which will be CSX * the X-direction grid spacing. ! ! Recommended value is 0.32 ! ! CSZ -- One value for each grid, used only when IDIFFK is 2 or 3. It works ! ! the same way as CSX, but using the Z-direction grid spacing. ! ! Recommended value is around 0.32 ! ! XKHKM -- One value for each grid, used only when IDIFFK is 1, 2, or 7. ! ! This is the parameter that specify the ratio of strength of horizontal ! ! diffusion coefficients between scalars and velocity. Recommended ! ! value is 3. ! ! ZKHKM -- One value for each grid, used only when IDIFFK is 2 or 3. ! ! Similar to XKHKM, but applied to vertical diffusion. Recommended ! ! value is 3. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CSX = .32,.32, CSZ = .35,.35, XKHKM = 3., 3., ZKHKM = 3., 3., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables correspond to the "A", "B", and "C" constants for the ! ! Nakanishi and Niino (2004) turbulence closure. This is used only when IDIFFK is ! ! set to 7. ! ! NNA -- A1 and A2 ! ! NNB -- B1 and B2 ! ! NNC -- C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NNA = 1.18, 0.665, NNB = 24.0, 15.0 , NNC = 0.137, 0.700, 0.323, 0.00, 0.20, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following values can be used to scale the horizontal eddy viscosity ! ! coefficient to the typical value from deformation K (AKSCAL). These are used only ! ! when IDIFFK is 1, 2, or 7. One value for each grid, please. ! ! AKMIN -- Parameter used to impose a minimum value on the horizontal diffusion ! ! coefficients throughout the domain. It is suggested to try values as ! ! low as 0.1, but usually values around 1.0 are needed to get rid of most ! ! of the noise. ! ! AKMAX -- Maximum value to be used at high elevations, in case you want the ! ! parameter to increase with height. Setting this to zero will make AKMIN ! ! constant. This is a very dangerous option, use with caution. ! ! HGTMIN -- Height [m] above which AKSCAL will start increasing from AKMIN to AKMAX. ! ! HGTMAX -- Height [m] above which AKSCAL will remain constant and equal to AKMAX. ! ! ! ! Think twice before changing these values. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! AKMIN = 1.0, 1.0, AKMAX = 0.0, 0.0, HGTMIN = 1000., 1000., HGTMAX = 3500., 3500., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! ! The following block controls how BRAMS should solve the water substance, and in ! ! particular the bulk microphysics model. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! LEVEL -- Moisture complexity level, or number of phases that water may exist in ! ! BRAMS. ! ! ! ! 0. Water doesn't exist in any phase. Useful for idealised cases only. ! ! 1. Water may exist in vapour phase only, even if the air becomes super- ! ! saturated. Useful for idealised cases only. ! ! 2. Water vapour may condensate and form cloud droplets that don't ! ! precipitate. This is simple, but it is a fast alternative for ! ! coarse simulations in areas where stratiform precipitation is low. ! ! 3. All phases may exist, and the hydrometeors are solved using the Walko ! ! et al. (1995) bulk microphysics model. This is the standard and ! ! preferred method for most cases. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! LEVEL = 3, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Microphysics settings, used only LEVEL is set to 3. The parameters work the ! ! same way for all hydrometeors, namelycloud droplets (CLOUD, C), rain drops ! ! (RAIN,R), pristine ice (PRIS,P), snow flakes (SNOW,S), aggregates (AGGR,A), ! ! graupel (GRAUP,G), and hail (HAIL, H). Read the manual before changing these ! ! values. ! ! ! ! IXXXX -- the microphysics flag: ! ! 0. don't allow the hydrometeor (it can't be used by ICLOUD). ! ! 1. specify the mean number concentration [#/m3]. Normally used only ! ! for ICLOUD. ! ! 2. Specify the mean diameter [m] in ?PARM. Normally not used by ICLOUD ! ! 3. Specify the y-intercept value of the number concentration, assumed at ! ! zero diameter, and using a Marshall-Palmer distribution. ! ! 4. Specify the number concentration of hydrometeor (#/kg of air). ! ! Normally used by ICLOUD only. ! ! 5. Prognostic number concentration and diameter. Except for IPRIS =0, ! ! this is the only option for IPRIS. Also, if any of the others is ! ! set to 5 (except ICLOUD), then all the hydrometeors (except cloud) ! ! will become prognostic. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ICLOUD = 4, IRAIN = 2, IPRIS = 5, ISNOW = 2, IAGGR = 2, IGRAUP = 2, IHAIL = 2, !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ?PARM -- It depends on IXXXX. CPARM has some especial meanings, though. If ICLOUD ! ! is set to 5, CPARM represents the concentration of CCN. Otherwise, the ! ! value is ignored if the IXXXX variable is set to 5. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! CPARM = 3.e8, ! cloud droplets, or less frequently, CCN RPARM = 1e-3, ! rain drops PPARM = 0., ! pristine ice (ignored as IPRIS must be 5) SPARM = 1e-3, ! snow APARM = 1e-3, ! aggregates GPARM = 1e-3, ! graupel HPARM = 3e-3, ! hail !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Parameter with 7 components, one for each hydrometeor, in this order: ! ! 1. Cloud droplets ! ! 2. Rain drops ! ! 3. Pristince ice ! ! 4. Snow ! ! 5. Aggregates ! ! 6. Graupel ! ! 7. Hail ! ! ! ! This specifies the shape of the gamma distribution for each hydrometeor. ! ! Values of 1 create Marshall-Palmer distribution, whilst high values will make the ! ! spectrum narrower. Values of 2. are good starting points, but you may want to ! ! play with these values. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! GNU = 5.,1.,5.,1.,1.,1.,1., !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !=======================================================================================! !=======================================================================================! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls the sounding specification in case INITIAL is set to 0. This ! ! namelist is ignored otherwise. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $MODEL_SOUND !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables describe the units of each variable given. ! ! ! ! IPSFLG -- What is given in the PS array below? ! ! 0. Pressure [ hPa] ! ! 1. Heights [ m] ! ! ! ! ITSFLG -- What is given in the TS array below? ! ! 0. Temperature [ °C] ! ! 1. Temperature [ K] ! ! 2. Potential temperature [ K] ! ! ! ! IRTSFLG -- What is given in the RTS array below? ! ! 0. Dew point temperature [ °C] ! ! 1. Dew point temperature [ K] ! ! 2. Mixing ratio [ g/kg] ! ! ! ! IUSFLG -- What is given in the US and VS arrays? ! ! 0. US = zonal wind [ m/s] ! ! VS = meridional wind [ m/s] ! ! 1. US = wind direction [ °] ! ! 2. VS = wind magnitude [ m/s] ! ! ! ! ICO2FLG -- It doesn't exist, ! ! CO2S is CO2 mixing ratio [ µmol/mol] ! ! ! ! HS -- surface height above sea level [ m] ! ! ! ! PS, TS, RTS, US, VS, and CO2S are just the profiles as specified by the variables ! ! above. ! ! ! ! Special flags: ! ! PS(1) -- Regardless of IPSFLG, PS(1) should be always the surface pressure in hPa. ! ! If PS(1) is 0, then the model will ignore PS, TS, RTS, US, VS, and CO2S, and ! ! it will read the initial condition from a file called SOUND_IN, which will ! ! contain 6 columns (PS, TS, RTS, US, VS, CO2S), with first line being the ! ! surface and subsequent lines going upwards. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IPSFLG = 0, ITSFLG = 0, IRTSFLG = 3, IUSFLG = 1, HS = 182., PS = 0., 1010., 1000., 925., 850., 700., 600., 500., 400., 300., 200., 100., 70., TS = 25., 18.5, 12.0, 4.5, -24., -11., -37., -56.5, -56.5, -56.5, -56.5, RTS = 70., 70., 70., 70., 20., 20., 20., 20., 10., 10., 10., US = 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5, VS = 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., CO2S = 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., 380., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist is used to define how to plot some of the fields in the standard ! ! output (i.e., on screen). ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $MODEL_PRINT !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NPLT -- Specifies the number of fields printed every FRQPRT seconds. Maximum of 50 ! ! fields. This should be set to 0. unless you are doing some debugging. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NPLT = 0, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IPLFLD -- List of fields to go in the output. This could be pretty much any field in ! ! BRAMS. Below is the list of the commonest parameters. ! ! ! ! 'UP' - UP(M/S) 'RC' - RC(G/KG) 'PCPT' - TOTPRE ! ! 'VP' - VP(M/S) 'RR' - RR(G/KG) 'TKE' - TKE ! ! 'WP' - WP(CM/S) 'RP' - RP(G/KG) 'HSCL' - HL(M) ! ! 'PP' - PRS(MB) 'RA' - RA(G/KG) 'VSCL' - VL(M) ! ! 'THP' - THP(K) ! ! 'THETA'- THETA(K) 'RL' - RL(G/KG) 'TG' - TG (K) ! ! 'THVP' - THV'(K) 'RI' - RI(G/KG) 'SLM' - SLM (PCT) ! ! 'TV' - TV(K) 'RCOND'- RD(G/KG) 'CONPR'- CON RATE ! ! 'RT' - RT(G/KG) 'CP' - NPRIS 'CONP' - CON PCP ! ! 'RV' - RV(G/KG) 'RTP' - RT'(G/KG) 'CONH' - CON HEAT ! ! 'CONM' - CON MOIS ! ! 'THIL' - Theta-il (K) 'TEMP' - temperature (K) ! ! 'TVP' - Tv' (K) 'THV' - Theta-v (K) ! ! 'RELHUM'-relative humidity (%) 'SPEED'- wind speed (m/s) ! ! 'FTHRD'- radiative flux convergence (??) ! ! 'MICRO'- GASPRC ! ! 'Z0' - Z0 (M) 'ZI' - ZI (M) 'ZMAT' - ZMAT (M) ! ! 'USTARL'-USTARL(M/S) 'USTARW'-USTARW(M/S) 'TSTARL'-TSTARL (K) ! ! 'TSTARW'-TSTARW(K) 'RSTARL'-RSTARL(G/G) 'RSTARW'-RSTARW(G/G) ! ! 'UW' - UW (M*M/S*S) 'VW' - VW (M*M/S*S) ! ! 'WFZ' - WFZ (M*M/S*S) 'TFZ' - TFZ (K*M/S) ! ! 'QFZ' - QFZ (G*M/G*S) 'RLONG'- RLONG ! ! 'RSHORT'-RSHORT ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IPLFLD = 'UP','THP','THETA','RT','TOTPRE', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Both variables control the cross section to be printed. You must provide one ! ! value for each field. ! ! IXSCTN -- Which cross section should be printed? ! ! 1. XZ ! ! 2. YZ ! ! 3. XY ! ! ISBVAL -- which grid index should be used for the dimension left out of the cross ! ! section? ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IXSCTN = 3,3,3,3,3, ISBVAL = 2,2,2,2,2, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! There are additional (optional) variables to control the plot, check the manual ! ! for further details. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls the input of the isentropic analysis. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $ISAN_CONTROL !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ISZSTAGE -- This flag determines whether to run the isentropic/sigma-z stage of the ! ! analysis. This stage inputs observational datasets and objectively ! ! analyses the data onto both isentropic and sigma-z surfaces. ! ! IVRSTAGE -- This flag is similar to SZ stage, but it is applied to the "varfile" ! ! stage, which will create the files for model initialisation (see ! ! VARPFX). ! ! In both cases, 0 means no, and 1 means yes. If unsure, leave them set to 1. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISZSTAGE = 1, IVRSTAGE = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ISAN_INC -- Time interval between data processing files. Format is HHMM, so 0600 ! ! means one file every 6 hours. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ISAN_INC = 0600, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! GUESS1ST -- This flag which kind of data will be used as the first guess. ! ! PRESS. Pressure-level data. ! ! RAMS. An analysis file from a previous BRAMS simulation. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! GUESS1ST = 'PRESS', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Use the following variables to control what to do in case it fails finding input ! ! files for a given time. ! ! 1. You know there are files missing, skip the data time altogether ! ! 2. The file should be there, stop the processing ! ! 3. Don't use this particular dataset and process with what is available ! ! (option 3 is not an option for the first guess, though) ! ! ! ! I1ST_FLG -- the first guess files ! ! IUPA_FLG -- the radiosonde files ! ! ISFC_FLG -- the surface files ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! I1ST_FLG = 1, IUPA_FLG = 3, ISFC_FLG = 3, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables are the input path and prefix for the three kinds of ! ! datasets. ! ! ! ! IAPR -- First guess files (analyses/reanalyses) ! ! IARAWI -- Radiosonde files ! ! IARSFCE -- Surface observation files ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IAPR = '../dprep/dp', IARAWI = '', IASRFCE = '', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! VARPFX -- The path and prefix of the processed files. Usually you would want to have ! ! both VARPFX and VARFPFX set to the same name, so you can start running the ! ! RUNTYPE = 'INITIAL' right away. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! VARPFX = './isean/iv_eb12', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IOFLGISZ -- Should I write out the isentropic/sigma_z files: 0 = no, 1 = yes. ! ! You usually don't need these files unless you want to see more details ! ! about the pre-processing ! ! IOFLGVAR -- Should I write out the varfiles, which are the ones really used by BRAMS ! ! You probably want these files. 0 = no, 1 = yes. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IOFLGISZ = 0, IOFLGVAR = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================! ! This namelist controls the options regarding the execution of the isentropic/ ! ! sigma-z analysis. ! !------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $ISAN_ISENTROPIC !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following variables control the isentropic levels. ! ! NISN -- number of isentropic levels on which to perform isentropic analysis. ! ! LEVTH -- isentropic (potential temperature) levels in Kelvin (integer numbers only) ! ! for which the isentropic analysis is performed. Use 1-2 K near the ground, ! ! and coarser resolution for higher levels. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NISN = 63, LEVTH = 248, 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, 260, 262, 264, 266, 268, 270, 272, 274, 276, 278, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 303, 306, 309, 312, 315, 318, 321, 324, 327, 330, 335, 340, 345, 350, 355, 360, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460, 480, 500, 520, 540, 570, 600, 630, 670, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NIGRIDS -- number of grids to be analysed. Usually this should be the same as ! ! NGRIDS. It can be less (not recommended, though), but it cannot be ! ! greater than NGRIDS. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NIGRIDS = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! TOPSIGZ -- top height in metres for which the sigma-z analysis will be performed. ! ! This should be high enough so topography effects are no longer felt. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! TOPSIGZ = 25000., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Isentropic analysis is applied above a certain height only, and the sigma-z ! ! analysis is performed below a certain height. The next variables specify the layer ! ! in which the analysis transitions from sigma-z to isentropic analysis. ! ! HYBBOT -- bottom of the blended sigma-z/isentropic layer [ m] ! ! HYBTOP -- top of the blended sigma-z/isentropic layer [ m] ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! HYBBOT = 4000., HYBTOP = 6000., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! SFCINF -- This is the top height above ground [ m] that is influenced by surface ! ! observations. The weighting factor ranges from maximum weight at the ! ! surface to zero at SFCINF. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! SFCINF = 1000., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! SIGZWT -- Optional weight given to the sigma-z analysis in the blending process. ! ! This value ranges from 0. (pure isentropic analysis) to 1. (full weight for ! ! sigma-z in the layers beneath HYBBOT). This should be usually set to 1. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! SIGZWT = 1., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! NFEEDVAR -- When creating varfiles for more than one grid, the data can optionally go ! ! through the feedback process if you set this variable to 1. This is the ! ! option you should normally use, unless you are using BRAMS just to ! ! process the analysis, you won't be running the model with these varfiles, ! ! and you don't want to modify the results of the different grids. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NFEEDVAR = 1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! Dimensions used to control the maximum number of observation datasets to be ! ! assimilated at a given time. Control yourself and don't use huge numbers here ! ! because the arrays will be allocated with these sizes. ! ! ! ! MAXSTA -- This is the maximum number of radiosondes expected at a given time. ! ! MAXSFC -- Maximum number of surface observations expected at a given time. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! MAXSTA = 150, MAXSFC = 9999, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! You may want to exclude some specific observations, either because the values ! ! are consistently bad, or just because you don't want them... The following variables ! ! allow you to ignore them -- don't worry, we won't tell the folks that were in the ! ! field collecting the data that you are discarding them. ! ! ! ! NOTSTA -- number of stations to be ignored ! ! NOTID -- list of station IDs to be ignored. Use r in front of the ID if the ! ! unfortunate observation is a radiosonde, or s if it is a surface ! ! observation. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! NOTSTA = 0, NOTID = 'r76458', !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IOBSWIN -- this is the observation window in seconds. Sometimes observations aren't ! ! taken exactly at the time we are running the analysis. If the absolute ! ! difference between the observation and the analysed field is less than ! ! IOBSWIN, we use the data, otherwise, we discard them. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IOBSWIN = 1800, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! STASEP -- sometimes a place may have too many observations almost at the same place ! ! (like in urban areas), or some observation was duplicated in the input ! ! file. The objective analysis will discard all data that are closer than ! ! STASEP degrees. The first in the record stays, unless the new report has ! ! less missing data. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! STASEP = .1, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! IGRIDFL -- this flag controls the blending of gridded pressure data and observations. ! ! 0. Ignore the pressure data, use observations only. Not recommended ! ! unless your observation network is abundant, very evenly distributed, ! ! and top-notch. ! ! 1. Use all observations: all gridded pressure-level data, and all ! ! observations that were not discarded. This is the recommended option ! ! when both pressure level data and observations are avaialble. ! ! 2. Use gridded pressure-level data only where no observation is closer to ! ! the analysed grid point than the gridded data. ! ! 3. Use only gridded pressure level data. Useful only when only gridded ! ! data are available. ! ! 4. The gridded data are taken as a first guess field, and observations ! ! are objectively analysed and applied to the first guess as deviations. ! ! This is a lot faster than 1, but it doesn't use the full potential of ! ! observed data. Recommended only for quick analysis or when time is ! ! a strong constraint. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! IGRIDFL = 3, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! GRIDWT -- This is the relative weight for gridded data compared to the observations ! ! during the objective analysis. Values of 0.01 gives the observation 100 ! ! times more weight than pressure data. Recommended values are between 0.001 ! ! and 0.1. Provide one value for each grid. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! GRIDWT = .01,.01, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! These variables are used only if IGRDFL is set to 2. ! ! GOBSEP -- discard pressure data grid points in the objective analysis if the point is ! ! within GOBSEP degrees of a radiosonde observation. ! ! GOBRAD -- discard pressure data grid points if there are observations in three ! ! quadrants of a circle of GOBRAD radius (degrees). ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! GOBSEP = 5., GOBRAD = 5., !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! The following two parameters are used to control the smoothing of the analysed ! ! field in the Barnes objective analysis. Both values are grid-dependent, so provide ! ! as many values as grids. ! ! ! ! WVLNTH -- wave length of data on the isentropic and sigma-z surfaces, specified in ! ! distance to be retained [km], and are used when dealing with radiosondes. ! ! SWVLNTH -- similar to WVLNTH, but related to surface observations. ! ! RESPON -- fraction of the wavelength amplitudes to be retained, applied to both ! ! radiosonde and surface data. ! !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! WVLNTH = 1200., 900., SWVLNTH = 750., 300., RESPON = .90, .90, !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------! $END !==========================================================================================! !==========================================================================================!